Hydrocarbon superheater and burner



(No Model.) v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. C. T. SOHOBN.

HYDROGARBONSUPERHEATER AND BURNER.

Patented Mar. Z0, 1888.

. NRW

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.v

C. T. SGHOBN.

HYDROGARBON SUPBRHEATER AND BURNER. No. 379,879. Patented Mar. 20, 1888.

WITJVESASES INT/EN T R 4 O4 @wf/W@ @L f Attorney Nirnn CHARLES T. SCHOEN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDROCARBON SUPE RHEATER AND BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 379.879, dated March 20, 888.

Serial No. 2H/100. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, 'it hwy conce'm Bc it known that I, CHARLES T. SCHOEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia. in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Hydrocarbon Superheaters and Burners, ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to that class of hydrocarbon burners in which oil is mixed with, steam under pressure and air to project a tlame of mingled vaporized oil, steam, and air for use in heating-furnaces and the like.

The object of the invention is to producean apparatus whereby liquid fuel can be used economically and effectively. To accomplish this object l have so constructed my apparatus that all the elements necessary to combos tion shall be brought together in the proper proportions aud in the conditions most conducive to'pcrfect combustion.

It is well known that combustion takes place more readily and perfectly when the various elements are in a highly-heated state, and with this fact in View I have provided for heating` liquid fuel, the air, and the steam to a very high degree before they commingle.

The apparatus consists in an external oilchamber composed of two shells arranged one within the other and surrounded by a serpentine steam-pipe, and a chamber formed by the inner shell, and in which air and steam are commingled, the oil-chamber and the combined steam and air chamber terminating in a mixing-chamber, out of which the dame is projected, the apparatus thus constructed being arranged within the heating-chamber of a furnace, so as to be exposed to the heat in said furnace, all substantially as hereinafter particnlarly set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention,A Figure l shows my apparatus in elevation applied to an ordinary blankheating furnace, which is shown in section. Fig. 2, is a front end elevation of the apparatus on a larger scale, and Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section ofthe same.

The body of the apparatus is in the form of a truncated cone, by preference, and consists of an outer shell, a, and an inner shell, b, which latter is of sufficiently smaller diameter to leave an annular space or chamber, c, between the said two shells, which chamber, as will presently appear, is the oil chamber. lhe shell b is provided with a flange, d, tapped into the shell a. Furthermore, the shell b is provided with an air-valve, c, of any approved construction, and which, for example, may reselnble an ordinary stove-door register. The space inclosed by the adjacent faces ofthe shell b forms an air and steam chamber, j', as will be seen farther on. At their truncated ends the shell a is provided with a screw-thread, g, and the shell b may be dressed to an edge, as shown in Fig. 3, and there is applied to these truncated ends of the said shells a nozzle, h, which has a screwthreaded ange, i, to engage the screw-threads g on shell a, and also a lip, 7, to make a tight joint with the dressed end of the shell b. The lip j, in conjunction with the flange of this nozzle, closes the chamber c, exs cepting that asuitahle number of openings, k, are made in the lip j to open communication from the said chamber c into the nozzle lt. The chamber Z within the nozzle forms, as will presently appear, a mixing-chamber.

The pipe m is tapped into the back end of the shell a, so as to open into the chamber c to supply oil thereto. The steam pipe n is tapped into the base of the shell b, and a nipple, o, extends from this base in alignment with the steampipe fn, inwardly into the chamberf and terminates in a rose or nozzle, p. A spreader, q. is arranged in the mouth of the nozzle h upon a rod, fr, which may be passed through the nozzle p, nipple o, stcampipe n', and have a screw-threaded bearing in the L- tting n, and be provided with a hand-wheel, s, for adjusting the said spreader q relatively to the mouth ofthe nozzle L to give greater or less divergence to the dame issuing from said nozzle.

Now, if the apparatus be arranged within a furnace, as indicated in Fig. l, it is obvious that the main body of the same will be exposed to the heat of the furnace, and inasmuch as the oil in the chamber c is in an annular and comparatively thin body it will be speedily heated and vaporized. In order to give the initial heat necessary to Vaporize the oil, and, furthermore,in order to expose the steam to the heat of the furnace, and thus super-heat such steam in order to increaseits effectiveness, the steam may be received through the pipe a outside of the furnace, and this pipe n coupled to a horizontal pipe, n2, extended into the furnace and well toward the exit end of the apparat-us, where, by means of unions n3, n, and a5 and pipes as, nl, and as, the steam is conducted around the apparatus through a tortuous path and is then led back by a pipe, a, and this last-named pipe in turn coupled to the union 'n2 by a union, uw, and pipe au.

Vhile I have thus exactly described thepar l ticular construction of tortuous steam-pipe shown in the drawings, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine my invention to the mere details herein shown, but esteem as within the spirit of my invention a steam-pipe of any construction, which, in the rst place, surrounds the apparatus, so as to impart heat to the same by initially raising its temperature, and thereafter itself is subjected to the heat produced by the apparatus. In this view the steam-pipe may be coiled around the appara tus in any suitable manner, or may be of other serpentine shape, and I herein use the word serpentine7 as a generic term expressive of any tortuous passage.

The operation is as follows: Oil being let into the chamber c, and steam having been previously let into the steam-pipe, so as to heat the apparatus inside and out, the oil is rapidly vaporized and escapes through the openings 7c, in the form of vapor, into the mixing-chamber Z, where it commingles with the escaping steam-from the nozzle hand with the regulated quantity of air drawn into the chamber f through the valvular device e, and the mixed gas ignited at the mouth of the nozzle lz. The Iiame is spread by the device q, in accordance with the area ot' the chamber to be heated.

It will be seen that the escaping steam from the nozzle 7L will not only serve to draw in the air through the valvular device e, but it will also act to draw out the vapor from the chamber c, operating in this respect substantially after the manner of an injector. The steam, while heating the chamberf, and also heating theoutside of the shell, is itself superheated in the tortuous pipe surrounding the apparatus, and is thus presented to the heated vapor, along with the heated air, in the state best adapted for making a perfectly-mixed gas, and consequently for insuring a ame of intense heating property.

It will be observed that the steam, the air,

and the oil are kept entirely separated outside of the mixing-chamber.

l. In a hydrocarbon superheater and burner,

two shells, each of thc form of a truncated with a third chamber formed as a nozzle, andcommunicating ports with the before-named chambers at their exit ends for combining the Vaporized hydrocarbon and mixed air and steam as they issue from their respective charnbers, substantially as described.

2. In a hydrocarbon superheater and burner,

a shell, a, of the form of a truncated cone, a-`

second and smaller shell, b, of similar shape, arranged within the first-named shell and forming an outer annular chamber, c, between these two shells, which is coextensive with their length, and also forming an inner chamber, f, a hydrocarbon-inlet to said outer chamber, a steam-inlet into the inner chamber, an air-inlet valve arranged in the base of the inner shell and opening into the inner chamber, and a mixingchamber constructed as a flaring nozzle and secured to the two shells at their truncated ends and provided with openings which form a communication with the outer chamber and also in open communication with the inner chamber, substantially as described.

3. The combinatiou,with a furnace, of a hydrocarbon su perheater and burner composed of an annular outer oil-chamber and an internal air and steam chamber, and a mixing-chamber formed as a nozzle and connected and communicating with the said two chambers, and the sinuous steam coil or pipe surrounding the said oil-chamber and having an inlet into the said .steam and air chamber and affording the heat necessary to initially Vaporize the oil, and thereafter subjecting the steam to the heat in the fire-chamber for superheating it for admixture with the air and vaporized oil, substantially as set forth.-

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 29th day of August, A. D. 1887.

(1I-IAS. T. SCHOEN.

Witnesses:

EDW. H. CLOUD,

M. LIPPMAN.

ICO 

